Present Simple: o'zim haqimda gapiraman
Present Simple — "O'zim haqimda" mavzusi bilan
Present Simple (hozirgi oddiy zamon) — ingliz tilidagi eng ko'p ishlatiladigan zamon. U doimiy haqiqatlar, odatlar va takrorlanadigan harakatlar haqida gapirganda qo'llaniladi. Masalan, o'zingiz haqingizda gapirayotganda: qayerda yashashingiz, qanday tilda gaplashishingiz, har kuni nima qilishingiz.
Qachon ishlatamiz?
- Doimiy faktlar: I live in Tashkent. (Men Toshkentda yashayman.)
- Odatlar va kundalik ishlar: I get up at 7 o'clock every day.
- Umumiy haqiqatlar: Water boils at 100 degrees.
- Jadval bo'yicha takrorlanadigan harakatlar: The school starts at 8 a.m.
Tasdiq gap qolipi
Asosiy qolip juda oddiy, lekin uchinchi shaxs birlik (he, she, it) da fe'lga -s qo'shiladi:
I / You / We / They + V (fe'lning 1-shakli)
He / She / It + V + -s / -es
- I speak three languages.
- She speaks English very well.
- My brother studies at university.
- He watches football on Sundays.
-s qo'shilishi qoidalari
| Holat | Qoida | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| Ko'p fe'llar | + s | read → reads |
| -o, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x bilan tugasa | + es | go → goes, watch → watches |
| undosh + y bilan tugasa | y → ies | study → studies, fly → flies |
| unli + y bilan tugasa | + s | play → plays, enjoy → enjoys |
Inkor va so'roq gaplar
Inkor va so'roqda yordamchi fe'l do / does ishlatiladi. Diqqat: does ishlatilganda asosiy fe'ldagi -s yo'qoladi!
Inkor: I / You / We / They + do not (don't) + V
Inkor: He / She / It + does not (doesn't) + V
So'roq: Do / Does + ega + V ... ?
- I don't drink coffee.
- She doesn't like spicy food.
- Do you live in Samarkand?
- Does he play the guitar?
Tez-tez uchraydigan vaqt so'zlari (signal words)
Bu so'zlar ko'pincha Present Simple bilan keladi: always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, never, every day, on Mondays, twice a week.
- I always have breakfast at home.
- We usually visit our grandparents every weekend.
O'zbek o'quvchilar tipik xatolari
Ona tili ta'sirida (interferensiya) quyidagi xatolar tez-tez uchraydi. Ularni yodda tuting:
- He go to school. noto'g'ri → He goes to school. to'g'ri (3-shaxs birlikda -s shart)
- She don't like tea. noto'g'ri → She doesn't like tea. to'g'ri
- Does she likes music? noto'g'ri → Does she like music? to'g'ri (does'dan keyin -s yo'q)
- I am live in Tashkent. noto'g'ri → I live in Tashkent. to'g'ri (am ortiqcha)
- My father work in a hospital. noto'g'ri → My father works in a hospital. to'g'ri
Eslatma: O'zbek tilida "u maktabga boradi" desak, fe'l hech qanday qo'shimcha olmaydi. Ammo ingliz tilida he / she / it bilan fe'lga albatta -s qo'shiladi. Gap yozishdan oldin har doim o'zingizdan so'rang: "Ega 3-shaxs birlikmi?" Agar ha bo'lsa — -s'ni unutmang!